Cloud Atlas And The Horrible Ordeal Of Timothy Cavendish

Time is â€Å"the indefinite continued progress of existence and events in the past, present and future regarded as a whole† (Oxford Dictionary). David Mitchell uses his novel Cloud Atlas to explore this complicated concept gravely. Even through the way the novel is laid out (in layers with only half of each story given at first), each story noticeably intersects and interacts with shared characters – either in the flesh or the reincarnations of them. Similarly, this layout exhibits an attempt at postmodernist ideas as well as metafictional ideas as the stories and ideas constantly overlap even when they are in different time frames. In Cloud Atlas, the stories and protagonists within â€Å"Half-Lives: The First Luisa Rey Mystery† and â€Å"The Ghastly Ordeal of Timothy Cavendish† further enhance the greater novel’s concept of time through various measures. These measures include the simple use of language, the exploration of reincarnation, the race against time, and memories and how our remembrance of them affects us. Mitchell’s choice of tense and narration exemplifies how time and timelines affect each story. Luisa Rey’s story is told in the present tense in the third person. However, this story also incorporates focalization shifts and point of view changes between characters. For Example, chapter seventeen is told from Sixsmith’s perspective while the chapter following is told from Bill Smoke’s perspective. In Chapter 17, Sixsmith notices that the window of his room is open and that

What Was the Sussex Pledge of 1916

The Sussex Pledge was a promise given by the German Government to the United States of America on May 4, 1916, in response to US demands relating to the conduct of the First World War. Specifically, Germany promised to alter its naval and submarine policy of unrestricted submarine warfare to stop the indiscriminate sinking of non-military ships. Instead, merchant ships would be searched and sunk only if they contained contraband, and then only after safe passage had been provided for the crew and passengers. The Sussex Pledge Issued On March 24, 1916, a German submarine in the English Channel attacked what it thought was a minelaying ship. It was actually a French passenger steamer called The Sussex and, although it didnt sink and limped into port, fifty people were killed. Several Americans were injured and, on April 19th, the US President (Woodrow Wilson) addressed Congress on the issue. He gave an ultimatum: Germany should end attacks on passenger vessels, or face America breaking off diplomatic relations. Germanys Reaction Its a huge understatement to say Germany didnt want America to enter the war on the side of her enemies, and the breaking off of diplomatic relations was a step in this direction. Germany thus responded on May 4th with a pledge, named after the steamer Sussex, promising a change in policy. Germany would no longer sink anything it wanted to at sea, and neutral ships would be protected. Breaking the Pledge and Leading the US into War Germany made many mistakes during World War I, as did all the nations involved, but their greatest after the decisions of 1914 came when they broke the Sussex Pledge. As the war raged on in 1916, the German High Command became convinced that, not only could they break Britain using a full policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, they could do it before America was in a position to fully join the war. It was a gamble, one based on figures: sink x amount of shipping, cripple the UK in y amount of time, establish peace before the US could arrive in z.  Consequently, on February 1, 1917, Germany broke the Sussex Pledge and returned to sinking all enemy craft. Predictably, there was outrage from the neutral nations, who wanted their ships left alone, and something of a relief from Germanys enemies who wanted the US on their side. American shipping began to sink, and these actions contributed heavily to Americas declaration of war on Germany, issued April 6, 1917. But Germany had expect ed this, after all. What they had got wrong was that with the US Navy and the use of the convoy system to protect ships, the German unrestricted campaign could not cripple Britain, and US forces began to be moved freely across the seas. Germany realized they were beaten, made one last throw of the dice in early 1918, failed there, and ultimately asked for a ceasefire. President Wilson  Comments on the Sussex Incident ...I have deemed it my duty, therefore, to say to the Imperial German Government, that if it is still its purpose to prosecute relentless and indiscriminate warfare against vessels of commerce by the use of submarines, notwithstanding the now demonstrated impossibility of conducting that warfare in accordance with what the Government of the United States must consider the sacred and indisputable rules of international law and the universally recognized dictates of humanity, the Government of the United States is at last forced to the conclusion that there is but one course it can pursue; and that unless the Imperial German Government should now immediately declare and effect an abandonment of its present methods of warfare against passenger and freight carrying vessels this Government can have no choice but to sever diplomatic relations with the Government of the German Empire altogether. This decision I have arrived at with the keenest regret; the possibility of the action contemplated I am sure all thoughtful Americans will look forward to with unaffected reluctance. But we cannot forget that we are in some sort and by the force of circumstances the responsible spokesmen of the rights of humanity, and that we cannot remain silent while those rights seem in process of being swept utterly away in the maelstrom of this terrible war. We owe it to a due regard to our own rights as a nation, to our sense of duty as a representative of the rights of neutrals the world over, and to a just conception of the rights of mankind to take this stand now with the utmost solemnity and firmness... Cited from The World War One document archive.

International Currency And International Trade - 1385 Words

International currency basically means the currency that is used and held beyond the borders of the issuing country, not merely for transactions with that country’s residents but also, and importantly, for transactions between nonresidents (Kenen 2009). For a country that have an international currency, it would meet various benefits and costs which could be analyzed from both economic and political dimensions. It has be argued (Cohen 2012)that the main advantages is related to transactions costs, international seigniorage macroeconomic flexibility, political leverage and reputation. With the internationalization of the currency .the domestic currency can be directed used for international trade valuation, payment and settlement. The foreign trade sector can use domestic currency settle the import and export business, the domestic financial Institutions and enterprises can borrow, make up international deficit with domestic currency to reduce the risk of exchange rate. So both the transactions costs in trade and for residents can be reduced. Seigniorage could be counted as revenue for a government when the money that is created is worth more than it costs to produce it, the issuers of an international currency can gain extra seigniorage because foreigners hold large amount of domestic currency in exchange for traded goods and services .And the issuing country raises asset price and creates liquidity premium-interest rate subsidy. The country can enhance its internationalShow MoreRelatedForeign Currency And International Trade1590 Words   |  7 PagesCooperation or Hegemony The main consequence of an exchange rate fluctuation for international trade is the risk for an exporter or an importer that the cost of foreign currency applied in business volumes will differ from the hoped and calculated. An exposition to foreign currency and a currency risk can make additional profits, and not just losses. However, being in an exposition to currency means relying on a case and most of businesspersons prefer not to allow their company being sensitive toRead MoreEco372International Trade and Finance Speech903 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Trade and Finance Speech ECO/372 June 7, 2012 International trade and finance speech Hello ladies and gentlemen hope you day is going well so fair. My name is Linda, I wanted to come out and speak with about the International trade and finance I will be handing out a booklet that show you what I will talking about if you should have an question write the down and I will try address them allRead MorePolitical Factors That Affect International Business1020 Words   |  5 Pagesfactors that affect international business include† (Justin Ervin. Zachary Smith A.2008). One significant political environmental factor that influences international business operation is trade agreements. 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I will add andRead MoreWhat Happens When There Is a Surplus of Imports Brought Into the Us1065 Words   |  5 PagesInternational Trade and Finance Speech What happens when there is a surplus of imports into the U S: A surplus of imports is good for consumers but bad for local business. We have to produce and manufacture in order to export. As our export trade shrinks, so does our workforce and economy. The surplus of imported cars for 2012 has exceeded the exportation by $152 billion. Also the shelf life of cars is 1 year. Every year at the end of the cycle the existing models are sold off at huge discountsRead MoreExplain How the International Trade Flows Should Initially Adjust in Response to the Changes in Inflation (Holding Exchange Rates Constant).645 Words   |  3 PagesAssignment #1: The International Financial Environment. Explain how the international trade flows should initially adjust in response to the changes in inflation (holding exchange rates constant). 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As we review these factors,Read MoreInternational and Global Trade Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesAs Ron Wyden states, â€Å"Trade wars are not started by countries appealing to respected, independent trade authorities. Rather, trade wars begin when one country decides to violate international trade rules to undercut another country’s industries.† International trade comes from when one country is needy and another country can provide something another country needs. Global Trade, during the recession, fell 20 percent in 2009. In a study conducted after the recession the trade collapse was caused by

Argumentative Essay - Rising Gas Prices Who Is to Blame

Argumentative Essay 18 March 2012 Rising Gas Prices: Who is to blame? Each time a person residing in the United States pulls up to a gas station to fill their tank it costs more money. This is particularly true of the past four years. Many focus the blame on the American Government but there are a multitude of factors causing gasoline prices to be so astronomically high. Middle eastern war, environmental precautions and government all seem to have a hand in the price we pay at the pump. While Obama is campaigning for the upcoming presidential election, many citizens have voiced their opposition to re-electing him into office. The economy’s downward spiral over the last four years has affected his loss of votes and now the†¦show more content†¦If the government decides to continue with the drilling of new sites or expand the Keystone XL Pipeline there are environmental dangers and concerns to follow and still not enough oil production to fuel the countries demand. The importing of oil from foreign coun tries would still be a necessity. For now the prices of gasoline are still on the rise and with use of the oil money future tool prices are sure to continue rising. As it seems in this current economic crisis, consumers need to make their voice heard with the government and hope something will change with the way oil is produced and imported to lower the cost for everyone. Works Cited Yergin, Daniel. â€Å"What’s behind rising gas prices?† The Wallstreet Journal. New York Times, 16 Mar. 2012. Web. Mar. 15 2012. Pfeiffer, Dan. â€Å"Fact Check: All-of-the-Above Approach to American Energy.† The Whitehouse Washington. N.p., 29 Feb. 2012. Web. 15 Mar. 2012. Amadeo, Kimberly. â€Å"Why are gas prices so high?† About.com guide. New York Times Company, 10 Mar. 2012. Web. 16 Mar. 2012. Davenport, Coral. â€Å"Oil Pipeline Presents Dilemma for Obama.† National Journal. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. (2011) Web. 16 Mar. 2012. Degenhardt, Rachel. â€Å"1700 miles of the Keystone XL Pipeline.† ENHESA Flash 1.61 (2011): 5. Unites States Department of State. Web. 14 Mar.Show MoreRelatedPromotional Exam Econs10149 Words   |  41 PagesCSQ1: The Illegal Drug Market 4. 2009 RVHS Year 5 End of Year Exams Paper CSQ1: Challenges of the Agricultural Sector Section B: Essays 1. 2006 SAJC H1 Final Exams: Application of Demand and Supply – Price Control 2. 2008 SRJC H1 Prelims: Market Failure 3. 2008 A Levels H2 Essay: Elasticity of DD and SS 4. 2009 PJC H1 Prelims: Theory of DD and SS, Price Elasticity of DD and SS and Market Failure 5. 2009 HCI H1 Prelims: Market Failure 6. 2009 YJC H1 Prelims:Read MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pageswith a specific dialect although locations are occasionally marked after particular lexical entries. 3. Marks the subdotted vowels with a diaeresis, thus á » ¥ appears as à ¼. 4. Marks tone with bracketed symbols following the word, thus (HL). 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Lebron James Free Essays

Joe Matela Mullins Green/1 April 13, 2012 Rough Draft They inbound the ball, he takes it past mid-court with only 2 seconds left; he dribbles to the three-point line and somehow gets the shot off. It goes in! They win the hard-fought game by nailing the buzzer-beater; this is just one of the 17 game-winning shots that LeBron James has made in his short, eight-year career to give his team the lead in the final seconds of the game. LeBron James is just one of the many athletes that play the exciting game of American Basketball, a fast-paced sport that is extremely entertaining and viewed by an abundance of people through-out the globe. We will write a custom essay sample on Lebron James or any similar topic only for you Order Now There have been, there are, and there will be many individuals who play the game of basketball very well; however, none will measure up against LeBron James. LeBron has been a great basketball player since the very beginning, perhaps the greatest. Some say that James was being scouted since he was in the sixth-grade. LeBron James, overcoming extreme poverty in his early childhood, has always been viewed as one of the greatest basketball players since the very start of his career, leading his high school and two professional teams to the national championship multiple times. Basketball is a fast-paced sport in which there are two teams trying to outscore each other by throwing the basketball into the other teams hoop more times than their opponent, (Thompson 143). Basketball has developed drastically since it was invented over a century ago by a middle-school physical education teacher, (Safra 941). This sport originated in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1891 by a PE teacher named James Naismith, (Safra 941). The goal was simple; outscore your opponent by making more shots than them, while at the same time, preventing the other team from scoring, (Safra 942). However, modern basketball consists mainly of enormous athletes performing flashy dunks, tough play in the post, and down-town shots for three points. Professional basketball consists of 4 twelve-minute quarters, whereas college consists of 2 twenty-minute halves. There are five people from each team on the court at once, therefore there are five positions. One of these five positions is called the, â€Å"Small Forward. † The Small Forward is responsible for scoring points by cutting to the basket and using dribble penetration, and on defense seeks rebounds and steals. There are few Small Forwards that preform at a high level of intensity every night; LeBron James is one of these elite few. LeBron James was, â€Å"born December 30th, 1984,† (â€Å"LeBron James† 1), in Akron, Ohio, (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). At the time, the population in Akron was around 225,000 people, (Bissinger 7). â€Å"His mother, Gloria, gave birth to James when she was just 16 years old and became his biggest fan,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player†. Newsmakers 1). â€Å"He never knew his biological father, who was reputed to be a stellar street-basketball player,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. Newsmakers 1). The most stable male influence in his early life was his mom’s boyfriend, Eddie Jackson, who James sometimes refers to as his dad. However, in 2002, Eddie Jackson was sentenced to three years in prison for mail and mortgage fraud, (â€Å"LeBron Jame s: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). James did not have an easy upbringing. His mother switched jobs and houses often. â€Å"By the time James was five years old, they had moved seven times,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). He missed large stretches of elementary school and spent 18 months living with a foster family, (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). â€Å"James’ basketball coach at the time, Frankie Walker, offered to school LeBron and give him a nice home until his mother Gloria was able to afford to take care of him,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). During these tough times, LeBron formed an immense admiration towards his mother. During an Interview, James said, â€Å"My mother is my everything. Always has been. Always will be,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American†1). â€Å"Toward the end of elementary school, LeBron found a true stabilizing influence in his life: basketball,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). He first started playing basketball when he was about nine years old with a team called the Hornets at the Summit Lake Community Center (Bissinger 17). In 8th grade, LeBron joined an Amateur Athletic Union team called the, â€Å"Shooting Stars,† coached by Dru Joyce, a graduate from Ohio University, (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). Also on the team was Coach Dru’s son, nicknamed, â€Å"Little Dru,† who would later become one of LeBron’s best friends (Bissinger 20). The Shooting Stars would continue on to win a handful of national tournament catching the attention of many recruiters. James’ and his team were later invited to a private Catholic school, St. Vincent- St. Mary high school in Akron, Ohio, (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). Even Keith Dambrot put Coach Dru on the staff because of what he did with the, â€Å"Fab Four,† on the Shooting Stars, (Bissinger 72). LeBron made an instant impact as a high school player. â€Å"As a freshman, he led the St. Vincent- St. Mary Fighting Irish to a 27-0 record and the Ohio state basketball championship,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). Not only did he become the school’s star basketball player but he also played football for three years and maintained solid grades,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American 2). As a sophomore in football, he caught 42 passes for 840 yards and 11 touchdowns (Freedman 15). Such statistics ignite interest in college recruiters. In basketball, he was a team player, meaning, he spent as much time passing the ball to set someone else’s shot up as he did setting up his own shot. LeBron James was by far the best player on the team; he knew it, and so did his team. â€Å"They understood I was the best player on the team if we needed to get a point, but I still needed them to get the ball to me. They were adamant that this was a team, ‘You can’t do this without us, and we can’t do this without you. ’† (Bissinger 206). By his junior year, James had caught the attention of basketball fans across the country, (â€Å"LeBron James: American† 2). â€Å"In 2001, during the summer leading up to his junior year, James was invited to attend informal workouts at, ‘Hoops the Gym,’ where Michael Jordan trained,† (Freedman 29). Sports Illustrated put him on the cover of their magazine in 2002, making him the eighth high school basketball player to be on the cover in 48 years, (â€Å"LeBron James: American† 2). LeBron was also named, â€Å"High School Boys Basketball Player of the Year,† by Parade magazine after both his junior and senior year, (â€Å"LeBron James: American† 2). By the time he was a senior, his nickname was, â€Å"King James,† and they were making little LeBron James bobble-heads. â€Å"James considered declaring himself eligible for the draft as a junior, but he decided to finish high school and declared ligibility for the 2003 NBA draft,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American† 1). â€Å"St. Vincent- St. Mary’s basketball team won the Division III state championship three of the four years James attended the school: his freshman, sophomore, and senior year,† (Bissinger 120). During his high school career, he played in three total All-Star High School basketball games, (Freedman 55). Originally, the team with the worst record in the NBA got the first draft pick. When the NBA suspected teams of putting no effort into a nothing–to-lose season, they decided to create a lottery, (Freedman 54). The teams that did not make it into the playoffs got put on a ping pong ball and were randomly selected, thus, choosing the order of the draft, (Freedman 54). â€Å"In the 2002-2003 season, the Cleveland Cavaliers went 17-65, tying the Denver Nuggets. They were arguably the worst team in the NBA,† (Freedman 53). So it was no surprise to anyone when LeBron James was the number one draft pick, being drafted by the Cleveland Cavaliers. â€Å"The Cavaliers viewed him as a savior to their franchise; the league greeted him as a marketing tool,† (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. Newsmakers 1). LeBron entered the league signing a 4-year contract for 12. 96 million dollars, (Freedman 67). In his first professional game, he scored 25 points, passed for 6 assists and gathered 6 rebounds against the Sacramento Kings, (Freedman 69). Needless to say, LeBron James made a major impact for his team in his rookie year. At the end of the season he was named, â€Å"Rookie of the Year in 2003,† (â€Å"LeBron James† 1). â€Å"Soon after his rookie season, James was issued an invitation to join the U. S. Olympic team for the games in Greece,† (Freedman 81). His first six years in the league, James had already led the Cavaliers to the Finals and earned MVP honors twice while winning the MVP award in the All-Star Game twice as well, (â€Å"LeBron James: American Basketball player. † Newsmakers 1). â€Å"He has appeared in 627 regular season games and started 626 of those games, averaging 27. 7 points, 7. 1 rebounds, 1. 72 steals and 40. 1 minutes, great statistics by most basketball experts’ standards,† (â€Å"LeBron’ James† 1). He has won the, â€Å"Eastern Conference Player of the Week,† title a league record 31-times (â€Å"LeBron James†1). He is, unarguably, a great overall player of the game basketball. How to cite Lebron James, Essay examples

Marijuana Prohibition for Substance Abuse-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Why Marijuana Should Not Be Legalized Answer: Marijuana prohibition is not a burden to the society; instead, it is a benefit. Just like alcohol, marijuana has negative impacts and it more related to crime and addiction (Hopfer, 2014). If the legislature agrees with the legalization of marijuana, they must be ready to face the consequences of their actions such as residents driving under the influence of the drug and even much worse like dealers engaging in other harder drugs. Legalization advocates have opened up discussions with the law regarding the medicinal use of the drug, but there's not enough evidence to show the benefits are more than the risks. Some anecdotal evidence suggests that most of those discussions are facilitated by people who just want to get high. According to research done by United Nations, marijuana substance is the second from alcohol to be found in the bodies of drivers involved in fatal accidents. The researchers also found out that more than 3.8% of the planet's population uses the substance. According to US Drug Enforcement Administration, most of the criminal arrested in 2005 were tested positive for marijuana. My question is, why would anyone feel any need to make such a substance legal and socially acceptable? Most pot smokers argue that marijuana makes them relax and are more aggressive (Cooper, and Haney, 2010). Surprisingly, research on the link between marijuana and aggression is mixed as it seems to make people relax but all the same, it causes paranoia and anxiety problem making the users a threat to themselves or others. Studies show that marijuana harms both the teenage and an adult brain (Ammerman, Ryan, Adelman, and Committee on Substance Abuse, 2015). What I am mostly concerned about, is the belief of most teenagers that marijuana is harmless drug and the rising population the teenagers using this drug. Dozens of research show that the drug affects the brain of a teenager and their IQ is reduced by 8% if they continue to use it to adulthood. Even if they stop using the drug at a later age, they may recover what they had lost. Students as young as 15 years old and above using marijuana are more likely to do worse or drop out of school, earn less when they become of age and have unsatisfying career according to research done by Dr. Ed Gogek, an author of Marijuana Debunked. I am sure that no parent wants this for their children, but most of the school's teacher says that marijuana is one of their main problems. Advocates campaigning for the legalization of marijuana claim that this will result to unclogging the prisons but justice department argue that most criminals found in possession of marijuana were also charged with other serious offenses. They also claim that tax collected from marijuana business will bring more profit to the country, but this is just misleading stories as they do not tell us about the legalization cost(Li, Brady, DiMaggio, Lusardi, Tzong, and Li, 2011). The taxes will not come anywhere near what marijuana takes from the society, i.e., lost productivity, health cost and criminal injustice among other losses. Marijuana affects the health of its uses negatively; it overreacts part of the brain that has high receptors causing the high' feeling (Pacula, 2010). The short-term effect includes; changes in mood, impaired memory, hallucinations, psychosis and impaired body movement while the long-term impact includes; a problem in child development during and after pregnancies, decline in IQ levels and impaired brain development. Theres no medication currently available to treat marijuana. Though behavioral support including therapy and motivational incentives has shown to be effective they still at some time are unable to reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse (Hopfer, 2014). Long-term users trying to quit mostly report mild symptoms such as cravings and grouchiness making quitting difficult. In conclusion, marijuana is harmful drug no matter what the drugs advocates say and not the kind we put stamps for approval. No community/ legislature should allow legalization of the drug no matter what, as it benefits only two groups, i.e., seller and buyer. For the rest of us making sure it stays illegal is the best option. References Li, M.C., Brady, J.E., DiMaggio, C.J., Lusardi, A.R., Tzong, K.Y. and Li, G., 2011. Marijuana use and motor vehicle crash. Epidemiologic reviews,34(1), pp.65-72. Ammerman, S., Ryan, S., Adelman, W.P. and Committee on Substance Abuse, 2015. The impact of marijuana policies on youth: clinical, research, and legal update.Pediatrics,135(3), pp.e769-e785. Pacula, R.L., 2010. Examining the impact of marijuana legalization on marijuana consumption. Hopfer, C., 2014. Implications of marijuana legalization for adolescent substance use.Substance Abuse,35(4), pp.331-335. Hopfer, C., 2014. Marijuana legalization: impact on physicians and public health.Annual review of medicine,67, pp.453-466. Cooper, Z.D., and Haney, M., 2010. Opioid antagonism enhances marijuana's effects in heavy marijuana smokers.Psychopharmacology,211(2), pp.141-148.