Gender Inequality Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gender Inequality - Research Paper Example This report stresses that there is statistical evidence regarding the roles of men and women in society. Men are paid better than women for the same services. Women possess less properties, physical assets, financial resources, and are not equal to men in education and technology usage. They word harder than men but it cannot be economically proved as they don’t get rewarded for that. Women are not independent in making decisions whether at home or the community they belong to. Cultural traditions and assumptions come in the way of treating women equally to men. They carry higher risk to violence and rape than men. Gender inequality is inherent in society as it is based on cultural beliefs, societal attitudes, power and independence. This essay makes a conclusion that the media watch-dogs should keep an eye on finding and checking gender stereotypes and partial attitude towards women. They should observe that regulation and standards are adhered to by speaking non-sexist language. Gender issues should be included in the production and use of media so that gender stereotypes no more remain a roadblock in the partnering of men and women in all aspects of life. It is a human rights responsibility also to eradicate negative gender behavior and attitude from all walks of life. Media and advertisement organizations need to be transparent in their policies if they are keen on discouraging gender based discrimination through policy initiatives, and increase their credibility rating. Only media can be the best platform to be used as a tool in empowering gender equality, which will result in economic and social growth.

12 month Integrated Marketing Communication campaign for Nike Coursework

12 month Integrated Marketing Communication campaign for Nike - Coursework Example The business will sell Nike brand of products that it produces to ideal customers cover all classes of people (Joseph, Gregory and Thomas, 2011). The products stand unique in the market because of the affordable prices that they will be charged. The owners of the business are professionals in the industry; this was to ensure that their skills can as well be combined in the production exercise. The business has future projects of expanding its operations to the foreign markets and thereby expands the markets of the business to enable the business increase the sales to greater heights and then maximize on the profits. The marketing communication campaign is very much effective in the attracting and drawing of customers to the business, creating a good image of the business and therefore retaining the loyal customers whose loyalty had been won by the business. It is also important to highlight that this campaign is very much aware of the size of the market segment that is within the capture as well as the market segment it intends to sell Nike product to. The market knowledge is very crucial as a mistake made in the location of the target market is almost to near impossible in correcting (Terence and Craig, 2012). This paper delves in the discussion of Integrated Marketing Campaign, (IMC). This can be defined as the measure that the various firms use in attempt to achieve and reach the set targets, missions, goals and objectives that were put in place during the initial stages of planning. In this approach, it is therefore important to highlight that the techniques that will be used by the firms and business institutions are complementary in nature. This is because each method kind of gives another support in one way or the other and they can be used I place of the other as well since they are all geared towards one target. In this

Slogan My Teacher My Hero Essays and Term Papers Essay Example for Free

Slogan My Teacher My Hero Essays and Term Papers Essay Northern and Southern Dynasties (386 589) The Northern and Southern Dynasties period (386 589) was a time of division in Chinese history, during which the Yellow River watershed of China first experienced a period of cultural transformation under the rule of a minority group. After the fall of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 420), four regimes the Song, the Qi, the Liang, and the Chen appeared one after the other in south China. In north China the Northern Wei, the Eastern Wei, the Western Wei, the Northern Qi, and the Northern Zhou regimes also emerged at the same time. In Chinese history, the northern and southern regimes together are known as the Northern and Southern Dynasties. This period of time began in 386 and ended in 589, during which time China experienced 203 years of division and wars. The Southern Dynasties In 420, General Liu Yu deposed the emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, made himself emperor, and made Song the state title. Learning a lesson from the destruction of the Eastern Jin, Liu Yu refused to give important positions to noble families. Because he himself was from a poor family, he favored those of similar background to his and gave military power to his sons. As a result, the Song didnt repeat the mistake of the Eastern Jin. Unexpectedly, there was fighting and killing among the sons. In 422, Liu Yu died, and Emperor Wendi inherited the throne ruling for 30 years. Song experienced a prosperous period of time under the reign of Emperor Wendi, during which time the economy and culture both developed. Although there were wars against the Northern Wei in north China, each side achieved victories and suffered defeats, balancing power between the north and south. In 454, Wendi died, and Emperor Wudi took over the throne followed by Emperor Mingdi. They were both tyrants who killed their brothers and distrusted their ministers and generals. During their rule state politics fell into disorder. In 479, Minister Xiao Daocheng seized the chance to destroy the Song Dynasty and established the Qi Dynasty. Only existing for 23 years, the Qi Dynasty was the shortest dynasty among the four regimes of the Southern Dynasties. Because of Xiao Daocheng and his sons sensible and stable policies, a period of steady development ensued during their rule. However, afterwards, their successors repeated the mistakes of the Song Dynasty. They killed their brothers, uncles and nephews, and nearly all the ministers. In 501, Minister Xiao Yan revolted, overthrew the Qi Dynasty, and founded the Liang Dynasty. After overthrowing the Qi Dynasty, Xiao Yan established the Liang Dynasty and ruled for 48 years. During his rule, the Northern Wei Dynasty in north China declined, so it was a good opportunity for south China to challenge them. Being fatuous and incapable, Xiao Yan allowed his ministers to exploit the people and ignored the advice of loyal ministers. In 548, General Hou Jing of the Eastern Wei, who had surrendered to the Liang dynasty, mutinied. He colluded with Xiao Zhengde, a son of Xiao Yan, to attack the Liang State. The next year, Hou Jing captured the capital city of the Liang Dynasty, and discovered that Xiao Yan had already starved to death. Then Hou Jing killed the successor-Xiao Gangand the Liang was at the edge of collapse. In 557, Chen Baxian, who grew up during the punitive wars against Hou Jing, cut the throat of the last Liang emperor and established the Cheng Dynasty. Through years of war, the economy of southern China had been destroyed badly, so the Chen Dynasty was destined to exist for only a short period of time. Chen Baxian and his successors Emperors Wendi and Wudi had destroyed their enemies and defeated the army of Northern Qi in Jiankang ( Nanjing today), which consolidated the rule of the Chen Dynasty to some extent. However, the Chen Dynastys reign was limited south of the Yangtze River and to the east of Yichang City and the central government was weak. In 583, north China was unified by the Sui Dynasty (581 618), and the unification of the whole of China was expected at any hour. In 589, Yang Jian, Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty destroyed the Chen Dynasty and ended nearly 300-years of division in China. The Northern Dynasties Toward the end of The Sixteen Kingdoms of the Five Barbarian Peoples period, the Tuoba Xianbei people, a primitive minority nomadic group, gradually grew powerful. They occupied central China and established the Northern Wei Dynasty. Later, they destroyed all the independent regimes in north China, and unified the region. As the most influential dynasty among the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Wei ruled north China for over 100 years, with 12 emperors from nine generations. By the end of the fifth century, Xianbei assimilation into the Han Chinese culture had accelerated in the Northern Wei Dynasty. In 493, Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital from Pingcheng (Datong City in Shanxi Province today) to Luoyang City, and changed their family name from Tuba to Yuan at the same time. He forbade the use of the Xianbei language and the wearing of Xianbei clothing. Emperor Xiaowen attempted to assimilate with the Han people by limiting Xianbei culture. Through a series of reformations, the Han peoples advanced culture and political system was fully integrated into the Xianbei government of the Northern Wei, and north China entered into a new period of cultural fusion. However, after Emperor Xiaowens death, his successors gradually abolished his Han-Chinese assimilation policy because of the opposition of some reactionary nobles and Xianbei army men. The restoration of the Xianbei peoples privilege aroused new social frictions, and the Northern Wei began to fall into disunity and war. Later, the powerful officials Gao Huan and Yuwen Tai divided the territory of the Northern Wei into two parts – east and west. Eastern Wei (534 550) under Gao Huan lasted 16 years with Yecheng (Handan city in Hebei Province today) as the capital. Western Wei (535 556) established by Yuwen Tai experienced a history of 22 years with Changan (Xian today) as the capital. Eastern and Western Wei were then conquered by the Northern Qi (550 577) and the Northern Zhou (557 581). In 577, the Northern Zhou destroyed the Northern Qi, and north China was reunified. In 581, Yang Jian, a relative of the Northern Zhou empress, dethroned Emperor Jingdi and made himself emp eror. He changed the state title to Sui, and named himself Wendi. Then, Yang Jian destroyed the Chen Dynasty in southern China and reunified all of China. Religion, Culture and Science During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhism, an emerging religion from India, was introduced into China. At that time, almost all the Xianbei people believed in Buddhism, especially in the Bodhisattva. People believed they could free their soul from suffering only if they prayed for help from the Bodhisattva. Because of the popularity of Buddhism, Buddhist statues, murals and grottoes were built on an unprecedented scale. The Mogao Caves, the Yungang Grottoes, the Longmen Grottoes, and the Maijishan Grottoes were all masterpieces of that time. With Wang Xizhi and Xie He as the most famous, calligraphers and painters flourished in large numbers at that time. The noted works Classics on Waters and Qiminyaoshu were produced during this time. In science, Zu Chongzhi was the first person in the world to work out the value of π (the ratio between the circumference and the diameter of a circle) to be between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. In addition, Doctor Tao Hongjing wrote Zhouhou Fang which had a great influence on the development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Baz Luhrmanns Romeo And Juliet Review Film Studies Essay

Baz Luhrmanns Romeo And Juliet Review Film Studies Essay Baz Luhrmann brings a unique visual style to William Shakespeares renaissance tragedy Romeo and Juliet. Set in a modern Verona Beach, Luhrmann sets the assertive and trendy tone of his adaptation within a decaying Miami City. Within minutes, the opening TV prologue hurls us into the white-hot intensity of the two warring families, bombarding the audience with chaotic action scenes and passion. Constructing an edgy and dynamic environment, his brash interpretation uses rapid cuts and erratic zooming techniques to create a comic strip style sequence against the multicultural backdrop of the graffiti scattered streets of Verona. Though effective, the restlessness of the camera becomes confusing, slicing the action into short, sharp images that can mystify rather than illuminate. Such fervent action so soon into the film is dizzying and unexpected. Luhrmann attracts the audience with his lively cinema style, speeding up the action to hype up the confrontation and the rivalry of the two f amilies alongside an intense soundtrack of contemporary and popular music. As a contemporary film director, Luhrmann clearly values the younger audience who would usually only come into contact with Shakespeare in a school environment. This could explain the roaring energy of car engines and elaborate guns instead of horses and swords originally used in earlier productions. Encompassing the elegance of Shakespeares text, Luhrmann introduces the star crossed lovers in a tender exchange of affectionate eye contact across the shimmering light of an aquarium. The pair follow each other across the length of the glass in an enduring and delicately youthful and romantic moment, capturing the innocence of the fated pair. Luhrmann creates a sensual and glamorously romantic atmosphere whenever the lovers meet alone. The balcony and swimming pool scene in particular surrounds the pair in a glimmering sheen of water and light. Luhrmanns use of atmospheric lighting leaves the audience to swoon, drinking in the glow of the dreamy eyed couple as they exchange their most iconic and enduring dialogue. Though their love is prohibited by tradition, ego and prejudice in the society of Verona, Luhrmann exposes Shkespeares drama to a contemporary world without limits, modernising the play with radical scenes of drug use, drag queens and public brawls. A couple so concerned w ith the traditional morals of their families in a world of law breaking and promiscuity comes as a stark contrast which at times, is unconvincing. As the audience enjoy the rowdy and loose morality at the Capulet Ball, it is initially somewhat difficult to believe that two young people in love would not act upon their passionate attraction. However, the undeniable beauty of the couples love is infectious. As they lie in the church lit by thousands of candles, the beauty of Shakespeares romantic tale is undeniable in the soft, atmospheric style with which Luhrmann combines light and opulent religious design to glamorize the tragic scene in which the love affair comes to an end. The language used in this film is lifted from the pages of Shakespeares text; which is surprising and pleasing as the dialogue fits seamlessly into the style of the film. Luhrmann has stripped the dialogue right down the necessities in order to sell to a commercial younger audience who may not understand the complexities of the original dialogue. The bare bones of the text are delivered confidently, notably by Friar Lawrence. Actor Pete Postlethwaites portrayal of the Friar as a new age herbalist gives the audience a glimpse of Shakespearean imagery and rhythm as he optimistically agrees to marry the pair in a bid to turn the households rancour to pure love. Similarly, Harold Perrineaus portrayal of Mercutio adds an exotic and audacious tempo to the film. Perrineau portrays him as entrancing and compelling, emphasising Shakespeares skilfully witty character, which becomes most poignant during his speech before they are due at the house of Capulet. The volatile style in which he prese nts this famous speech builds from a jovial and bawdy exchange with Romeo at the steps of a run-down theatre, to an explosive and passionate conclusion. Delivered naturally, Luhrmann heightens suspense by climaxing the speech with a furiously bright light and sound of a single firework. The audience are brought to a peak of tension and anticipation, unsure where this volatile character will take them next. As well as presenting an aggressively modern adaptation with the setting and language of the play, Luhrmanns interpretation of Shakespeares tragedy is styled inventively by costume designer Kym Barrett. The clothing is eclectic and riotously colourful, complimenting the up-beat and psychedelic style of the film. Reflecting the disposition of the characters, Kym Barrett dresses the characters as a portrayal of their position in the society within the plot. The contrasting morality within the generations and conflicting traditions between the families is illustrated by the way they dress. The Capulet boys for instance, are dressed in smart and formal suits throughout the film, proudly reflecting their traditional Latino heritage which Luhrmann portrays. Creating a contrast, the Montague boys are dressed in very casual beach shirts and board shorts, illustrating the less mature and jovial features of their characters. In a comparison to the younger members of the cast, the parental and authoritative figures are dressed in expensive and regal clothing, suggesting the traditional values of their society. Both women at the head of each household are seen to be dressed in the luxurious clothing typical of wives of influential men. As their wealth is illustrated in the elegance and glamour of their dress, the authority that their husbands hold within the city is also established. It is interesting to note that Luhrmann includes a modern style drag queen in this adaptation, dressed in a provocative and bold sequined outfit. Though not unknown in the other Shakespearean plays, cross dressing, most involve women dressing as men. Mercutios flamboyant style of dress at the Capulets ball is an expression of sexuality ineffectual to the plot, not a central theme to the resolution of the plot as in many of Shakespeares plays. Luhrmann heightens the aesthetic sexuality in his film adaptation to attract a younger and more contemporary audience. The romantic characters of the fil m remain innocent. Dressed to reflect her youth, Clare Danes instils the naivety and youthfulness of Juliet in a modest white dress and plain style of hair and make-up. Similarly, Romeo reflects her adolescence and compliments her dress, choosing a simple black suit and tie. Before they fall in love, the audience can pick up on their compatibility by the harmonizing styles of the lovers. The costumes and setting of the film generate an up-beat and boldly elaborate overall vision. The audience are bombarded by an audacious and lively interpretation complimented by an energetic soundtrack and attractive cast. Though incredibly pleasing on the eye, Luhrmanns concentration on the aesthetics of the film does sacrifice the story and dialogue for style. However, this interpretation of Shakespeares classic does bring renaissance drama into the 21st century. Luhrmann tells the story in an edgy and fast paced film which smashes the Shakespeares stereotype of stodgy, uninteresting plays that are difficult to understand. As a director, Baz Luhrmann revisits the play with great attention, choosing to only leave out scenes that are really futile to the plot. This may be due to the audience his film is designed for, catering for the commercial audience who require more of the action and romance than the subtleties of Shakespeares dialogue. His style of directing is sometimes intrusive, zooming in and speeding up the action in a way which draws the audience in, almost too close to the drama. His wild style of filming places the audience into the action immediately, which at times, particularly the opening scene, is obtrusive and gaudy. This adaptation of Romeo and Juliet is significant in that only one other film edition is recognised with the same commercial acknowledgement. Franco Zeffirellis 1968 adaptation is a traditional take on the play, set in the 15th century Renaissance period and filmed entirely in Italy. With only one other well-known film version of the play, Luhrmanns film has become an important alternative to the conventional style of renaissance drama. Largely shot in Mexico City, there is a strong unapologetic ambience, giving the film more of an attitude than the traditional setting of Verona. Luhrmanns definitive rendition of the play is outrageously narcissistic and easy on the eye, opening the world of Shakespeare to a wider audience in a contemporary and brash interpretation that leaves the commercial audience wanting more of Shakespeares compelling drama.

Examining Pascals Argument for God Essay -- Religion Pascal

There have been many responses to Pascal’s proposition. British humorist Terry Pratchett cleverly summed it up in one of his books with a story of a philosopher who said, â€Å"Possibly the gods exist, and possibly they do not. So why not believe in them in any case? If it's all true you'll go to a lovely place when you die, and if it isn't then you've lost nothing, right? (Pratchett 51)† To the average person, it seems as though there are two choices of religion; to believe in God or not to believe in God. Pascal’s theory is that it is better to believe in God, even without reason, because in so believing, you lose nothing, whereas if you do not believe, you stand to lose significantly. On the surface, this wager seems to make an adequate amount of sense, but upon further examination, the argument begins to break down. Pascal states, â€Å"According to reason, you can defend neither of the propositions. (Pascal 444)† He does not think that reason is sufficient to prove God’s existence, nor is there solid evidence one way or the other. â€Å"There is an infinite chaos which separates us, (Pascal 444)† Pascal says, meaning that if there is a God, humans cannot comprehend Him or His actions. This is to say, even if God exists, humans could not possibly know enough about Him to prove His existence by proof or reason. This, Pascal says, is why the wager is necessary; we cannot know if He exists, we must decide to either believe or disbelieve based on logic. Pascal says that the choice is between several sets of human qualities or characteristics: the true vs. the good, reason vs. will, knowledge vs. happiness, and error vs. misery. He theorizes that the believer who turns out to be correct in his belief will have true good, agreement with rea... ... of belief that have been created around the deity by humans. Even if there is a God and belief in Him is founded, there is no way to know if He will or will not bestow rewards upon His followers. Pascal’s theory would make sense if it were based on anything other than religion. Theology depends more on personal motivations than a desire for some unknown reward that may or may not exist. Pascal seems to be merely covering his own ass with this wager, telling himself that he is believing in anticipation of his eventual reward. This is not a satisfactory justification for believing in a God for which one has no evidence. Works Cited Pascal, Blaise. â€Å"The Wager.† Philosophy of Religion: Selected Readings. William L. Rowe and William J. Wainwright, ed. Harcourt Brace, Orlando, FL. 1973. Pratchett, Terry. Hogfather. Harper Prism, London, England. 1996. Examining Pascal's Argument for God Essay -- Religion Pascal There have been many responses to Pascal’s proposition. British humorist Terry Pratchett cleverly summed it up in one of his books with a story of a philosopher who said, â€Å"Possibly the gods exist, and possibly they do not. So why not believe in them in any case? If it's all true you'll go to a lovely place when you die, and if it isn't then you've lost nothing, right? (Pratchett 51)† To the average person, it seems as though there are two choices of religion; to believe in God or not to believe in God. Pascal’s theory is that it is better to believe in God, even without reason, because in so believing, you lose nothing, whereas if you do not believe, you stand to lose significantly. On the surface, this wager seems to make an adequate amount of sense, but upon further examination, the argument begins to break down. Pascal states, â€Å"According to reason, you can defend neither of the propositions. (Pascal 444)† He does not think that reason is sufficient to prove God’s existence, nor is there solid evidence one way or the other. â€Å"There is an infinite chaos which separates us, (Pascal 444)† Pascal says, meaning that if there is a God, humans cannot comprehend Him or His actions. This is to say, even if God exists, humans could not possibly know enough about Him to prove His existence by proof or reason. This, Pascal says, is why the wager is necessary; we cannot know if He exists, we must decide to either believe or disbelieve based on logic. Pascal says that the choice is between several sets of human qualities or characteristics: the true vs. the good, reason vs. will, knowledge vs. happiness, and error vs. misery. He theorizes that the believer who turns out to be correct in his belief will have true good, agreement with rea... ... of belief that have been created around the deity by humans. Even if there is a God and belief in Him is founded, there is no way to know if He will or will not bestow rewards upon His followers. Pascal’s theory would make sense if it were based on anything other than religion. Theology depends more on personal motivations than a desire for some unknown reward that may or may not exist. Pascal seems to be merely covering his own ass with this wager, telling himself that he is believing in anticipation of his eventual reward. This is not a satisfactory justification for believing in a God for which one has no evidence. Works Cited Pascal, Blaise. â€Å"The Wager.† Philosophy of Religion: Selected Readings. William L. Rowe and William J. Wainwright, ed. Harcourt Brace, Orlando, FL. 1973. Pratchett, Terry. Hogfather. Harper Prism, London, England. 1996.

Crime Prevention Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"Kids Being Charged with Felonies†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A felony is a crime in which the convicted may receive more than a year in prison for their actions. The paper that you are about to read is going to explore some of the issues about kids being charged with felonies. We will also examine some of the issues of how this is portrayed in our news media today. Furthermore, I will offer my opinion, on how kids being charged with felonies could be a positive step in the right direction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is real that in America today we have asked our kids to grow up at an alarming rate. There has been no other time in history that children are asked to be mature enough to handle adult situations with regularity. Many of the past generations just did what their parents told them to do. Mow the lawn, clean their bedroom, and maybe some household chores and so on. In today’s society we’re asking our youth to watch their younger siblings. We also ask them to use potentially dangerous technology at a mature level. Keep in mind that some adults can’t even use technology responsibly! Since we want them to grow up quickly we have to expect that they are going to make adult mistakes especially with the actual maturity level. Is it safe to say that some kids do something that wasn’t meant to be so harmful, and as it would turn out be so detrimental to their lives? When they do make a mistake should we give them adult punishments?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I start in Atlanta, Georgia where two girls baked a cake with glue in the batter and fed it to their fellow classmates. The two thirteen yr. old girls could be charged with up to twelve counts of assault. (CNN 11-19-04) It is situations like this were two girls could be in jail for a long time just because they were trying to pull off a prank.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Santee, California Charles Andre Williams, a student that was made fun of on a frequent basis brings a gun to school and gets off thirty rounds. The result was a death of another student. Williams had told several people the weekend before including an adult that he was planning to kill someone at school, but no one took him seriously. (CNN 3-8-2001) Again we ask students to make mature decisions, but it isn’t what we had in mind. The number of stories goes on and on including the King brothers who killed... ... juveniles. Hopefully someday we will come up with a positive solution that works. Until that day we can only hope that the fast maturing children of the world will mature enough to understand that nobody can just do whatever they want. There will always be consequences.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reference   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Legon, Jeordan â€Å"Student hacks school, erases class files†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CNN-6/11/2003   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Girls charged over sickening cake†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CNN-11/19/2004   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"An epidemic of violence†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CNN-3/8/2001   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"King Brothers get reduced jail sentences†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CNN-11/14/2002   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"School Shooting suspect to face attempted murder charge†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CNN-3/23/2001

Balsara Used to Its Advantage

Explain the environmental factors which Balsara used to its advantage. BALSARA USED TO ITS ADVANTAGE IN INDIA. – with clove oil (which has been traditionally regarded in India as an effective deterrent to tooth decay and tooth ache) as a unique selling proposition IN MALAYSIA – There was good response to Miswak also in the Muslim dominated Malaysia. Its promotion highlighted the fact that miswak (Latin Name : Salvadora Persica) was a plant that had been used for centuries by as a tooth cleaning twig. It had reference in Koran. Quoting from Faizal-E-Miswak, it was pointed out that prophet Mohammed used â€Å"miswak before sleeping at night and after awakening. ’’ The religious appeal in the promotion was reinforced by the findings of scientists all over the world, including Arabic ones, of the antibacterial property of clove and its ability to prevent tooth decay and gums. IN USA – Market intelligence revealed that there was a growing preference in the advanced counties for nature based products. Balsara tied up with Auromere Imports Inc. (AAII), Los Angeles. An agency established by American followers of Aurobindo, an Indian philosopher saint. Eight months of intensive R & D enabled Balsara to develop a tooth paste containing 24 herbal ingredients that would satisfy the required parameter. Auromere was voted as the No. 1 toothpaste in North Eastern USA ————— The product line was extended by introducing several variants of Auromere. A saccharine free toothpaste was introduced. It was found that mint and menthol were taboo for users of homoeopathic medicines. So a product free of such mints was developed. Auromere Fresh Mint for the young and Auromere Cina Mint containing a combination of cinnamon and peppermint were also introduced BALSARA EXPLOITED THESE SENTIMENTS. In the case of Balsara: there was increased demand for products which were herbal, organic etc from the customers. The marketing mix was designed to take advantage of the same whereby it included natural and herbal products and private label brands to customers who were willing to pay for the same.